Personal Professional Ethics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Personal Professional Ethics - Assignment ExampleThe nursing profession is break away under a set of predefined ethical label of conduct and this explains my ethnic statement. According to Canadian registered nurses code of ethics, the nursing profession has distinct responsibilities and ethics explains the code of conduct by practicing nurses that would be acceptable (Canadian Nurses Association, 2008). From the nursing values, I singled out the three responsibilities to form my ethics statement. This is informed by the nifty passion that explains my choice for a career in nursing. Through studies, I have come to contain that a nurse is ethically required to ensure that his/her patients are safe through ensuring that safety comes in front any other thing in practice. Safety can be observed by ensuring cover prescriptions of medicine as well as observing healthy living conditions. On the other hand, it is close sure that patients would seek nursing care for such chronic diseas es as cancer and HIV and Aid, which hire that compassion, be part of the nurse. Ethically, compassion may improve the quality and value of life for many patients level off without treatment hence the commitment to observing compassion. Finally, excellence is a virtue and every person in any field pursues to realize. It is unethical to practice nursing without observing the nursing principles and the knowledge learned magic spell studying. It is, therefore, an ethical expectation that practicing nurses would be competitive and hence this forms part of my ethical statement.

Case Study 13.2-The Super Conducting Super Collider(Project

13.2-The first-rate Conducting Super Collider(Project Management) - Case Study ExampleThis paper will look at the Superconducting Supercollider project by addressing tierce questions that relates to it. Question 1 As a consultant, I would utilize the following steps to reintroduce a positive turn on the Superconducting Supercollider. One, I would attempt to cut through the relationship between stakeholders and connection with the Superconducting Supercollider project. It is paramount to note that for us to comprehend every stakeholders negotiating and interests two collectively and personally and how the Superconducting Supercollider operates, people should comprehend the nature of the relation between a number of stakeholders and their association with the project. This will entail power and agriculture relations. This will enhance the success of the project. Two, I would promote interactions and communications. Communication and interaction will permit those complicated in t he Superconducting Supercollider project exchange useful ideas. Communication and interaction is essential for project leaders for associations with both stakeholders and individuals that may be opposing the priorities of project vision and objectives. If project leaders can develop a trustworthy basis of comprehending the influence of all players in the project and their significance, they can avert a misfortune in a challenging situation (Pinto 406). Three, I would address the erudition and effect of stakeholders and their management in the Superconducting Supercollider project. Every project faces the risk of perception, especially, a negative perception during its implementation. For example, in the Superconducting Supercollider, negative views by confused parties caused severe challenges to the project. In addition, an insufficient management of the stakeholder concerns may frequently lead to controversies and conflicts about the implementation of the Superconducting Superco llider project. therefore, addressing the perception and effect of stakeholders will guarantee the smooth running of the project. Finally, I would, align incentives, motivations, and values. Aligning values take a willingness to share beliefs and perspectives through dialogue and sufficient communication, and an urge to permit shared values to modernize and develop through dialogue. Incentives will be given to stakeholders for realizing the objectives and aims of the Superconducting Supercollider project (Pinto 406). Incentives or motivations may function as a catalyst or stimulus for a significant performance for long. Question 2 There were a number of warning signals signifying the failure of the project. These indications could have been anticipated and tackled. In my opinion, the Superconducting Supercollider project was impossible to accomplish. One, the hard nature of the contest for the situation of the Superconducting Supercollider was assured to guarantee that defeated societies, and their federal delegates, would be angry and not likely to eat uper the Superconducting Supercollider project the cooperation and support that it required. Two, the manner in which the Superconducting Supercollider funding was primarily dished out, at a dragging pace because of Federal deficit issues, made it challenging for the project to take off resiliently. As a matter of fact, the project had to start sluggishly

History of the United States Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

History of the United States - Essay ExampleLincolns Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction offered pardon to gray whites who took an oath of allegiance to the U.S. and accepted the abolition of slavery. Significantly, the Reconstruction period from 1865 to 1877 witnessed hostilities between the North and confederation and prexy Andrew Johnson was assassinated over the issue of reconstruction policy. However, Radical Republicans in Congress wanted to punish the South for seceding from the amalgamation. These two factions argued over Reconstruction policies and created further ill will between the North and South. Racism in the South also prevented the newly freed slaves from achieving equality in the political, economic, and social arenas of American life. (United States History to 1877) Therefore, Reconstruction in the United States which attempted to give meaning to the freedom that the former slaves had achieved was a long process which lasted from 1865 to 1877 and this w riting makes a profound analysis of the reconstruction policies of Abraham Lincoln, Andrew Johnson, and the Radical Republicans.Abraham Lincoln made a vital smell towards Reconstruction in the United States when he maintained that the freed slaves in the nation should be granted the rights of the American citizens instead of being urged to leave the country. The reconstruction process of President Lincoln gained the support of his loyal and hypothesize Unionists and this was an essential factor in the success of his policies. According to the reconstruction process of President Lincoln, the national administration exerted an unprecedented amount of power to free the salves and guarantee their equal rights as free citizens. That is why the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and fifteenth Amendments to the Constitution contained clauses that Congress shall have power to enforce these provisions for liberty and equal rights. (Reconstruction, 1863-1877) Significantly, Lincolns reconstruction po licy is best illustrated by the famous phrase in his Second Inaugural Address With malice toward none, with charity for all and he was non able to complete the process of reconstruction due to his assassination in April 1865. After the death of Lincoln, Andrew Johnson was marvellous to the Presidency of the United States and he was the only U.S. Senator from the South not to resign in 1861. The reconstruction policies of Andrew Johnson label the formal completion of Reconstruction. Andrew Johnsons reconstruction policies reflected his firm belief in states rights, his vigorous opposition of black suffrage, and the unabated hatred of the pre-war Southern plantation aristocracy. Although the official reason for the impeachment of Andrew Johnson was that he had violated the Tenure of Office Act, the tangible reason was his stubborn defiance of Congress on reconstruction. According to Johnsons reconstruction policies, the states had to swear allegiance to the Union and ratify the 1 3th amendment in order to reenter the Union. He was willing to pardon high-ranking Confederate officers and kick upstairs states rights on issues such as giving African Americans the right to vote. He did not support the Freedmans sanction and took a conciliatory approach. (United States History to 1877) In comparison, the reconstruction policies of the Radical Republicans were opposed to those of Abraham Lincoln and Andrew

Effectiveness of Risk Assessment in Preventing Pressure Ulcer Research Paper

Effectiveness of act as a venture Assessment in Preventing Pressure Ulcer - Research Paper ExampleThe objective of the study allow be as follows To assess whether incorporating risk assessment in nursing practice batch subject the prevalence of pressure ulcers Establish whether risk assessment merchantman reduce the overall preventive measures employ on a patient Investigate whether the detection of pressure ulcers in its early stages could reduce its bad and prevent other illnesses from developing. Background Pressure ulcers are local injuries to skin and/or underlying tissues out-of-pocket to pressure from an object pressing and/or rubbing against the skin. Pressure usually leads in insufficient telephone line flow and occurs mostly in bony areas such as the sacrum, coccyx, hips, and heels. Insufficient blood supply can lead to death of skin cells leading to the formation of an ulcer. In the US, the prevalence of pressure ulcers varies among states widely, with some sta tes such as Ontario recording incidence rates of 53% in poorly managed healthcare institutions (Clarke, Bradley, & Whytock, 2005).... The staff go out also be trained on early detection of the injuries. c) Comparison Data on patients at risk from developing pressure ulcer lead be collected forrader and after training. The information volition also include the number of patients who will develop ulcers over a four-week period before and after the training intervention. Data collected after nursing staff have undergone training will be compared to that collected before the training using various statistical analyses to determine whether there was a significant decline in the number of patients at risk of developing ulcers. d) Outcome Results of the analysis will also indicate whether training of nursing personnel in the assessment of pressure ulcer risk is effective in reducing the number of patients developing pressure ulcers. e) Time The study will run for a period of three mon ths. Data on the number of patients developing ulcers and those at risk will be collected for a period of four weeks followed by training of personnel. Data will be collected again after training for a period of four weeks. Critique of Literature clinical studies have shown that development of pressure ulcer during hospitalization can be alleviated by adopting leave mitigation measures (Severens, Hobraken, Duivenvoorden, & Frederiks, 2002 Vanderwee, Clark, Dealey, Gunningberg, & Defloor, 2007). These measures can include the development of methods and ways of determining risk factors. Early action can alleviate pain and improve quality of life among persons at risk or those already affected. health care institutions can also benefit from early detection of pressure ulcers by reducing fiscal and m expenditure on the care and treatment of patients. Clarke et al. (2005) mention that pressure ulcers directly kill at least(prenominal)

Digital Equity Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

digital Equity - Assignment ExampleFor this reason, the provision of free laptops or home computers has a little financial aid oneself in reducing the academic crevice between the receives and the have-nots. From a research conducted by Pew, students in rural areas spend up to $80 per month on internet connection while those in the urban areas spend $36 per month. Although these figures might be small for the rich, the poor cannot afford such expensive connection. Consequently, they have check access to information, class notes, and often late with their assignment completion and submission. The solution for educational gap does not depend on internet access but rather on the educational policies. The governing should introduce a program to ensure that each student has equal access to educational materials regardless of their financial status.Your assertion that technology is an important instrument in facilitating the access to educational material and a communication tool w here educators can distribute learning material to the student is compelling. In addition, your acknowledgment that limited access to the internet due to naughty connection prices provides the reality of the matter as it affects the poor students. Finally, the intention you make to ensure all students complete and submit their assignment on time shows a high level of consideration. Specifically, this is because you have considered the situation of various students within the society and offered a solution that can help in improving their academic

Study case questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

depicted object character questions - Assignment ExampleThe right to a jury trial in the declaratory astuteness is only available to legal titles. However, the issue of right of first publications in this case falls under equitable titles.Q.3 In the lawsuit of the Blurred Lines, California Courts have both personal and subject matter jurisdiction. Firstly, both the complainant and defendant reside and operate businesses in California the court therefore, the court has powers over the two parties. In addition, the court has jurisdiction over the claim since the petitioner applied for a declaration under the copyright Act.Q.3 At the beginning of the counterclaim, the parties had sought for a jury trial. Jury trial at that juncture was get hold of to clear the contested facts, saving the cost of going into a full trial.Q4 If I were the Gayes, I would bespeak the defendant to supply the written lyrics that were done in the initial stages of compiling the song ahead of the recordin g. I would also ask for the names of some of the people who were close to the defendant during the period within which the song was compiled. Such witness would give account of how often the defendant accessed the copyrighted song in question. Lastly, I would request for a witness from the recording studio where the defendants did their recording.Q.4 In early January, 204, Sony (EM) and the Gayes entered into a negotiation ADR only again. This time, however, the two reached a settlement and resolved their participation in the case. Parties are allowed to enter into ADR while the case is ongoing because it is in the courts and every partys best interest that the case is resolved amicably without undue squander of time and resources.Q.5 In my opinion, the attorney had Thicke admit that he reviewed his answers to the interrogatories to add weight to Thickes deposition. He preempt use the reviewed statement to develop his case while discrediting Thickes

DQ Questions 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

DQ Questions 4 - Essay ExampleMy steering would be on common stock (Bragg, 2011).Weighted average cost of capital is the cost found on relative significance of each citation of capital. It is the product of the percentage contribution of each source of capital and percentage cost of each source. It therefore consists of debt, preferred stock, common stock, and their percentage contribution, and costs. It is more purloin in capital budgeting because it gives accurate average values for each unit capital that it derives from the different sources. WACC informs organizations towards optimum cost of long-term capital through identifying unit costs (Bragg, 2011).Initial Public Offer defines an sign launch of a companys shares, in the stock market, to the public. The offering company avails its share for corrupt in return for cost of the stock. This allows an organization to grow financially because it creates gold inflow without material cash outflow from the offering company. Merg er and acquisition is a more appropriate way to grow when harvesting prospects extend beyond finances to include expertise, market control, and property, among other resources (Bragg,

Discuss how an understanding of the biology of insect pests assists in Essay

Discuss how an understanding of the biology of insect pests assists in the control of stored harvest-home pests - Essay ExampleIt as well as dish ups to determine whether there is an plague in a given mental synthesis, what methods should be used to remove it, and furnishs wider methods for the creation of new pesticides and insect repellents. Reason For Entry, Method of Entry, and Location The primary movement that an understanding of the biology of an insect pests helps in exterminating the pests by giving an understanding as to why the insects would get by inside that building at that particular location. Generally, these reasons include coming into buildings seeking viands, water, or shelter from the elements. For example, cockroaches argon attracted to moisture around pipes and drains, and so buildings with such sources of moisture are more likely to contain cockroaches than air-dried buildings. Ants, like cockroaches, are also attracted to leaking pipes or condensatio n build-up, and will enter buildings or rooms in search of this moisture. Ants are also attracted to food sources such as sugar, especially in cases of general short(p) sanitation. Locating those food and moisture sources can help determine why the pests are entering the building. erstwhile the reasons for the pests coming in has been determined, the moisture or food source can be removed. Removing the source of food or water should help reduce the number of pests coming into the building, and therefore reduce the difficulty of eradicating the infestation of that building. Once the pests inside have been eradicated and the reason new pests were entering the building is removed, there should be no future issues with that particular pest in that building unless a new source of food or water is presented (Juneau et al., 2010). Additionally, understanding the biology of the insects can help an exterminator understand how the pests are entering the building of infestation in the first place. Crawling insects generally come in through openings into the building which are assentingible from the ground. For example, insects may enter buildings through cracks in the exterior masonry or other building materials, or other gaps in the exterior of the building. Doors left open especially can attract ground-level crawling insects. abject gaps and openings around water pipes, heating and cooling air vents, and exterior windows and doors, can all provide access to crawling insects. However, it is not only ground-level access that will allow in crawling pests that should be looked bring out for. Exterior landscaping features such as climbing vines, bushes and shrubbery, or tall grasses, may all provide access for crawling insects to reach open windows or other access points that are higher(prenominal) glum the ground and would not normally be accessible to such pests (Juneau et al., 2010). Flying pests could obviously access higher points such as open windows that are la cking screens or that have damaged screens with holes that could allow in insects. Looking for such points of access could help determine where the pests are entering the building blocking these opening points would therefore help stop the pests from infesting the building. Understanding the methods the insects are using to enter the building will help determine where the blockades should be placed in order to stop them. Knowledge of the biology of the pests can also help determine what locations in the buildings may be hiding those pests, and therefore where to look to eradicate them. For example, the bodies of do it bugs are almost completely flat. This allows them to hide in

Composing self Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Composing self - Essay ExampleThough this was quite significant at the moment, I was still quite curious why one can take so much of the proteins yet their body size remain to be small. The belief must have been double-faced or there must have been other aspects I did not understand.I started changing my sensing to the belief on realizing that despite the fact that we were served the same food at home, my younger brother tended to upgrade quite faster and surpass me body wise. Having no explanation to this and with my lame background in biota I had to partly believe in my fallacious reasoning with the people I sought randomness from not giving me a comprehensive version that I could adopt. However, as my background in biology became firm I realized that fruit is in fact a very complex play. The dish up as I learnt starts with the introduction of food into the alimentary canal through the mouth. This food, take for instance nitty-gritty is broken down to small units called a mino acids. These are the building blocks for the mass of flesh that we eat.The next process involves the use of those amino acids to repair the injured body parts as well as ensuring growth occurs. Since a person is made up of microscopic units called cells the amino acids take part in the tax return of those cells with the increase in number leading to the increase in body size. I changed my earlier intellection after researching on the issue and engaging more people who were informed to help in demystifying the mystery. Beliefs organism part of the knowledge we have can be misleading or based on fallacy. In my case, the belief was based on assumption and so with time I embraced a better get along that can be used to get the correct facts. This being just one of the beliefs I had I my early age I have realized that to get the correct facts, one has to engage discordant sources or else you may end up holding strongly on the wrong ideals.The only flair to explain my earlier bel ief is through the

Difference of treatment between American Slaves and British Slaves Research Paper

Difference of treatment between American Slaves and British Slaves (British Slaves in the Caribbean) - Research Paper ExampleSlavery is considered to be illegal in many countries around the terra firma yet it is functioning with an estimate of 29.8 million slaves. This research is intended to look at the comparison among the bondage of America and British. The trend of thralldom can be traced back since the base in both the countries, therefore, the trends hurl been different diverse in both the countries. At some point they have been extremely dictated and at times it have proven to be beneficial in the case of vegetation. The essential liaison is that despite all the differences thralldom has marked bulge out the impacts in their culture even today. By the 1833 sevens eventually eliminated slavery in the British Caribbean and the Cape. The slave trade was believed to be ceased in 1807 yet, it took another 26 years to influence the restraint of the imprisoned. Out of 16 mi llion 10 million Africans sustained the move around to the New world, approximately one-third grounded in Brazil and among 60-70 percent ended up either in Brazil or the sugar colonies of the Caribbean (Higman 1995, 397)1. Among all of this merely 6 percent landed in fall in States. However, by 1860, round about two thirds of all New World slaves resided in the American South. Since a very long time it was broadly believed that southern slavery was unsympathising and unkind as compared to the slavery in Latin America, where the church of Catholic emphasized had the right to get married, to request for leniency from an unsympathetic master and to buy their own sovereignty. Spanish and Portuguese colonists were considered to be comparatively less contaminated by ethnic prejudice than Latin American and North American slavery was considered to be fewer fount to the demands of an aggressive capitalist economy. In reality, nor the Church neither the courts endowed security to Latin A merican slaves. office to use to sovereignty was larger in Latin America, however, in most of the cases masters untied, old age, nettled or merely unnecessary slaves in order to free themselves from the economic burden. Death positions amid slaves in the Caribbean were comparatively higher than that of South, and the trend of suicide were more common. Unusual the slaves in the South, the western hemisphere Indian slaves were pass judgment to make their own food whenever they had spare time and to take care for the elderly and the unwell. The biggest divergence amid slavery within Latin America and the South is based upon demographic. The population trend of slaves in Brazil and the West Indies consisted of fewer symmetricalnesss of females slaves, a comparatively less birth rate and an elevated proportion of the immigrants from Africa. In a prominent distinction, southern slaves comprised of a fair ratio of sex, an increased birth rate and a principally American national popula ce (Lewis 2003, 299)1. The slave rate in the United States was mostly different in the capability of the population to raise its number by the process of natural reproduction. In the Brazil, Caribbean and Dutch Guiana, the death rate of the slave was elevated and the rate of birth rate of the slaves was low to such(prenominal) an extent that they themselves could not resist their populace devoid of imports from. The approximate number of children born in the beginning of 19th century of southern slave woman was about 9.2 as compared to others (Hagadorn 1851, 31)2. As in the Caribbean out of

MNC Enters India Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

MNC Enters India - Term musical theme ExampleThe company is basically involved in selling quality home furnishing products and home appliances among others by means of various franchises and retail outlets. The best aspect about this company is that its products are not very costly and thus are quite affordable. The company is responsible for attracting huge figure of consumers in its various retail outlets due to the deliverance of quality products to them and also complying with their requirements at large. It can be apparently viewed in this same concern that the company was able to attract around 770 million of consumers who visited various retail outlets of IKEA in the course of study 2012. The company has a total of 338 stores and includes 154,000 co-workers (Inter IKEA Systems B.V., 2012).This part of the paper will entail the tracking of the exchange ordinate of Indian rupee in relation to the US Dollar. It can be apparently observed in this regard that there have been a lot of fluctuations relating to Indias exchange rate. Presently, the value of Indian rupee has fallen to a new record of 64 per dollar. The value of Rupee has been undergoing major turnarounds during the preceding cardinal years due to the reason of weakening conduct of financial activities. It is even expected that the value of Rupee can fall to as low as 70 per dollar which can create a major turnaround in the currency exchange rate (YCharts, 2013). The following pictorial representation shows that the take aim up to which the value of Indian Rupees has increased. From the start of the year 2013, the value of Rupee has fallen and this trend is continuing.On the basis of the above discussion, it can be affirmed that due to much fluctuations or variations especially in the exchange rates, the financial condition of the nation i.e. of India has been adversely affected resulting in generating financial downturns by a considerable

History of nursing development Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

History of care for development - Case Study ExampleA major revolution in knowledge took adjust in 1950s when nurses started identifying and shaping necessary requirements for a separate knowledge frame thanks to emergence, juncture and investigation of theories in breast feeding. Modern knowledge in nursing emphasizes research based on clinical questions, definition of concepts as well as variables, control of conditions and accurate instrumentation.According to (Thomas 1997) cited in Winters and Ballou, (2004), science apprize be defined broadly as an intellectual process using all available psychical and physical resources to better understand, explain, quantitate and predict normal as well as unusual natural phenomena. This use to nursing then it qualifies as a science and this way it is able to meet client requirements in biological, psychological and social terms. As a discipline, nursing utilizes both philosophical and scientific forms of inquiry it combines social, obs ervational and applied elements of science and this because it concerns with both general and individual human experiences as well as the blood between nurses and clients. It is therefore very important for nursing to stand out as an independent luggage compartment of knowledge in science. Doctoral education in nursing will help prepare nursing scientists with better knowledge and skill to eradicate sources and impacts of scientific error in the field. Nurses of today are non being cross trained with other fields, goals and research methods in nursing have become clearer. thus continuous support for extensive research at the level of PHD alongside peer review military rank will effectively see the discipline do away with errors.In conclusion therefore the body of knowledge categorized as nursing has evolved over time and continues to improve for better service. It was initially viewed as subordinate with a lot of borrowed knowledge, later grow to formulate own theories and now is concerned with the strong human body hence

ANSWER POST Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

ANSWER POST - Essay ExampleIn this regard, I think this is a grievous way of thinking, but based on the fact that the Indian tribes had their tribal courts, I believe that autochthonal the Statesns should also have their own courts although they may be in conflict with the traditional American system.The originator of this post suggests that because the American Criminal Justice system is applied widely across the country, it becomes a spunky issue to establish Native American court. However, the author believes that it is the right of Native Americans to have their own tribal court system, although it may make it more difficult for the American justice system. The author also backs his take on by using a quote from NADCP that there are conflicting values in America which we should all be aware of. I agree with the author that the differences between different communities indicate both(prenominal) level of maturity. In this regard, operating tribal court systems alongside the A merican justice system patronage their conflicts shows some maturity in terms of appreciating American diversities (Nielsen & Silverman, 2009). This post makes me to understand that we all have our rights to proceed our traditions, and tribal courts are the best courts to uphold such

Patrilineal Descent and Postmarital Residence among the Yanomamo Essay

Patrilineal Descent and Postmarital Residence among the Yanomamo colonization Growth and Division - Essay ExampleThe Yanomamo people of Central Brazil are one of the oldest examples of the stainless pre-Columbian forest footmen. The Yanomami comprise a edict of hunter-agriculturists of the tropical rainforest of Northern Amazonia, whose contact with non-indigenous society over the most part of their territory has been relatively recent. Their territory covers an area of approximately 192,000 km2, located on both sides of the border between Brazil and Venezuela, in the Orinoco-Amazon interfluvial region. They communicate in various dialects but halt No written language. The total race of the Yanomami in Brazil and Venezuela is today estimated to be around 26,000 people.The Yanomamo go in small bands or tribes and reside in round communal huts. The Yanomami local groups are principally made up of a multifamily house in the shape of a cone or sawed-off cone called yano or xapono , which are actually made up of individual living quarters or by small towns composed of rectangular-type houses .Each collective house or village considers itself an autonomous economic and political entity (kami theri yamaki, we co-residents) . The village is the basic sociopolitical unit and is occupied by several extended families, composed of nuclear family households. The founding lens nucleus of such a village consists of two intermarried pairs of brothers, their sisters or wives and their descendants. The two resulting lineages exchange their women, thus creating a exit of affinal alliances. As additional lineage groups join the village community and intermarry with members of the original lineage, political pressures and internal factionalism frequently lead to the splitting apart of the village and the establishment of a completely newfangled community.These small tribes hold their men in high ranks. Chiefs are always men who are held liable for the general knowledge and safety of the groups women. The males are permitted to beat their wives if they feel the need to and can marry more than one woman at a time. This loose form of polygamy is a way of increasing the population of the tribe.Each village has its own headman (pata), and one pata is usually more influential than the others. Migliazza (1972 415) claims that the position of chief or headman is not really inherited, but is dependent on the chief having many living paternal relatives and the ability to assert himself among them. There is some indication, however, that the office was once inherited patrilineally from father to news or from elder brother to younger brother. During times of war, a man with experience in encounter was often chosen to act as war chief, an office which was not hereditary and which became inactive when hostilities ceased. pairing among the Yanoama serves to bind non-agnatically related groups of males to one another in a system of exchanges involving goods, services, and the promise of a common exchange of women at a later date. All Yanoama groups, as well as their Carib neighbors, stir branchingMerging kinship terminology for the first ascending generation, accompanied by Iroquoian cousin terminology. Patrilineal beginning and agnatic relationships are considered more important than matrilineal relatives. Clans and moieties have apparently never existed among the Yanoama, but lineages have been mentioned by Chagnon (1971). In his analysis of the kinship system, Chagnon affords a central place to the local descent group-basically a lineage segment, consisting

What epistemological and practical factors should be considered when Essay

What epistemological and practical factors should be considered when planning a research project. My research project is (Perception of formal and informal occupy of aging (old) Saudi-Arabian universe of discourse) - Essay ExampleThe objective of the research is to investigate the living trends of the aging population and how their care impacts the social arena in Saudi Arabia. The research would require qualitative bills for them to be fitting to understand the issue in the social context. For this reason the research epistemology and practical aspects need to be organised.Epistemology refers to the tecs ontology on the existing reality and compares it with theories. Theories have been developed by earlier studies. The researchers epistemology may be different from others or may resemble. It is therefore important to determine the research epistemology which supports the research perspectives. In this research, the epistemology rest on the fact that changing social and economi c conditions have given rise to the aging population in Saudi Arabia, which may be explained by empirical research and social theories.According to Bryman (2008) a theory is an explanation for observed regularities (p.6) which the researcher uses as stepping stones for his/her own epistemology. For research of the aging population and their perception on variety show of care they receive, qualitative approach has been chosen because of social theoretical framework required to explain lots perception.Research epistemology also largely depends on the underlying adopted methodology, methods, and techniques as well that the researcher chooses for objective evaluation (Love 2001). For this research an interpretivist approach has been chosen. An interpretivist approach is a methodology which involves inquiry of a special(prenominal) sampling to formulate theories which are grounded to information. In this methodology interviews and focus groups are the preferred method for data collec tion (Dawson 2007).In this study, theory shall be generated by adopting the qualitative method for which subjective data shall

The Effectiveness of Advertising Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Effectiveness of Advertising - Essay ExampleThis research shows that persistent commercialiseing methods stop be devastating but without advertising, many people would be out of jobs and many would lack intersection point and service knowledge and opportunities to purchase what they want and need. According to Wikipedia encyclopedia, Advertising is the promotion of goods, services, companies and ideas, usually performed by an place sponsor. Marketers see advertising as part of an overall promotional strategy. (Advertising, 2006). Companies are bombarding us with thousands of incompatible ads with only one intention to persuade us to buy their products. Every advertiser or social club must do more than just make a product, give it an attractive price, and offer it to the consumer. They vex to also communicate and promote it to their current and future customers they have to advertise it. Advertisers salute to the lusts, desires, and wants of the target market or potential customer. Target market is the market segment to which a particular product is marketed. It is frequently defined by age, gender and/or socio-economic grouping, states Wikipedia encyclopedia (2006). As previously stated, an increasing number of advertisers, retailers, and wholesalers appeal to the target markets emotions, lusts, desires, wants, and needs. They want to pull at the heart strings in point to persuade, or get others to believe and create some action. Perhaps some of the best examples of these advertisements use provoke to sell everything from beer to necessities such as toothpaste.

Students Diversity and Teaching Practices Essay Example for Free

Students Diversity and education Pr make forices Essay instruction make out is the practical aspect of instructor knowledge and it is an assortment of factual and dramatic characteristics. During the program line recital savant instructors find an luck to employ the filld knowledge, curiously in the argonas of psychology, inform methods, article of belief principles and pedagogy techniques. During dogma radiation pattern schoolchild instructors be like apprentices to acquire skills.Teaching entrust is a valuable luck, where student instructors atomic number 18 in a position to profit their knowledge, do experiments on the fanny of acquired knowledge and to solve the problems related to principle. Student teachers which atomic number 18 on inform trust, if they be aware most their lacking experience and need of more learning, as well as willing to learn and educe, then they can learn practic entirelyy much more from experienced teachers and teach er educators.During pedagogics institutionalize, it is non only that they select opportunity of teaching just now they also fool the opportunity to observe inside and outside of the classroom. In this connection data was roll uped from 650 student/ likely teachers who have completed their teaching pull and it was found that in Pakistan teaching practice is non causen bad and m any interesting findings were found in this regard. Key Words teaching practice, problems, issues, PakistanIntroduction Practice teaching occupies a key position in the programme of teacher education. It is a culminating experience in teacher eagerness. It solely(a)ow fors opportunity to beginning teachers to become socialized into the profession (Furlong et. al, 1988). Performance during practice teaching put ups approximately prat for predicting the succeeding(a) success of the teacher. Out expiry popularity and centrality of practice teaching is an important contri generateding factor tow ards the flavour of teacher education programme.During practice teaching working with students in naturalizes provides a high degree of emotional link by and large of a 1Federal 2 College of teaching method H-9, Islamabad, Pakisatn,emailprotected com G C University, Faisalabad,Pakistan 3The niversity of Gujrat, Pakistan 4Federal College of procreation H-9, Islamabad, Pakisatn 2010 world-wide Online journal of educational Sciences ISSN 1309-2707 Aijaz Ahmed Gujjar, Bushra Naoreen Saifullah SAIFI Muhammad Jamil Bajwa positive nature.Student teachers feel themselves grow with experience and they begin to link to a nuance of teaching. During practice teaching, they feel engaged, ch eitherenged and even empowered (Trowbridge and Bybee, 1994 sharafuddin, and aloneison, 1969). Definitions of Teaching Practice A number of terms such as the practice teaching, student teaching, teaching practice, field studies, infield experience, schooldays based experience or internship are use d to refer to this activity (Taneja, 2000).The term practice teaching embraces all the learning experiences of student teachers in schools (Ashraf, 1999). The term practice teaching has three major con nonations the practicing of teaching skills and acquisition of the role of a teacher the whole range of experiences that students go through in schools and the practical aspects of the course as apparent from nonional studies (Stones and Morris, 1977). Teaching practice is the name of the forwardness of student teachers for teaching by practical study.It is the practical use of teaching methods, teaching strategies, teaching principles, teaching techniques and practical procreation and practice / exercise of distinguishable activities of daily school life. Objectives of Practice Teaching According to Akbar (2002) Following are the objectives of practice teaching 1. To provide the future teachers with an opportunity of establishing an appropriate teacher pupil relationship. 2. To provide an opportunity for evaluating the student potential as a teacher and suitability for the teaching profession. 3.To jump somebodyal relationship with others administrators, teachers, parents and students. 4. To provide the future teacher with practical experience in school to overcome the problems of discipline and enable him / her to develop method of turn back. 340 International Online ledger of Educational Sciences, 2010, 2(2), 339-361 5. To provide with an opportunity to put theories into practice and to develop a deeper understanding of educational principles and their implication for learning. 6. To enable the student teachers tellingly to plan and prepare lessons. . To develop skill in the use of fundamental procedures, techniques and methods of teaching. 8. To develop desired nonrecreational interests, attitudes and ideas relative to teaching profession. 9. To enable student teachers to acquire desirable characteristics / traits of a teacher and to dis chat u p appropriate behaviour. 10. To provide student teachers with an opportunity to have teaching evaluated and to gain from the benefits of constructive criticism. 11. To provide an opportunity for self evaluation and to discover own strengths and weaknesses. 12.To develop skills in future teachers related to teaching like fluent speaking, nastyingful reading, using blackboard and other teaching material. 13. To provide an opportunity to liaison with school environment, its functioning and with community and its resources. 14. To provide for the exchange of ideas and methods between practicing school and teacher training institution, by teacher training institutions supply and students, perceiving new ideas material and equipment in use in practicing schools and introducing new ideas, material and equipments into the school.Stages in teaching practice Following are the stages in teaching practice 341 Aijaz Ahmed Gujjar, Bushra Naoreen Saifullah SAIFI Muhammad Jamil Bajwa Primary Sta ge It is necessary to make a trip of student teachers to that particular school, where they are going for practice teaching. The main aim of this tour is to see the concerned head teacher, class teachers and school staff in tack to acquire information about school and its environment. Student teachers must observe the teaching methods of school, methods of concerned class teacher, copies or notebooks of the students and their usual routine.On return from the tour student teachers must have the details about scheme of studies, age of the students, strength of the class, abilities and specific problems of the students, timing of the school, textbooks and teaching aids. Preparation of Lesson For the preparation of lesson student teachers must know the subject, the relevant books and sound recording visual aids which he / she is going to teach. headspring prepared lecture gives confidence to the teacher in the class. Student teachers and supervisor can reform the teaching learning pr ocess after its evaluation.Qualities of a Good Lesson A good lesson has the following qualities I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. Lesson planning should be in complete detail. Lesson should be interesting. Effective and timely use of teaching methods and teaching aids. Student should be ready for learning. Students should be involved often in teaching learning process. Lesson should be taught in headmaster and friendly environment. All students should be given same attention by keeping in wad their individual differences. 342International Online ledger of Educational Sciences, 2010, 2(2), 339-361 Teaching in Classroom The stage of teaching in the classroom is known as practice teaching. Student teachers spot teaching in the classroom passes through distinguishable steps of his / her teaching (Introduction, presentation, recapitulation) and concerned teacher / supervisor assesses / observes his / her lesson. Evaluation of Teaching Practice In order to evaluate the teaching practice s upervisor observes the student teacher while teaching in the classroom.Supervisor evaluates / observes the punctuality, lesson planning, teaching methods, use of audio visual aids, adequacy of audio visual aids, pitch of voice, dress, come out of the closet and end of lesson, interest of the students, discipline of class, use of black / white board, students notebooks and objectives of the lesson. Participation in other bite Works of School Teaching in classroom is not the only objective of teaching practice, merely also to provide training in all activities which student teachers are going to perform in future during their job as a professional teachers.For this purpose they have to spend whole daytime in school as teacher. They have to participate in all the activities of school e. g. preparation of time bow, preparation and attention of different registers, evaluation of class work and home work, arrangement of tutorial groups, sports / games, morning assembly, co-curricular activities, calling during recess, duty as day master, duty forward and after school timing, decoration of classroom, preparation and maintenance of attendance board, news board, information board, look after and arrangements of A V aids room, home economics room, science laboratories and library.How to deal with students parents, officers of the school, school employees and guests are also the part of teaching practice. Duties as invigilators, preparation of head papers for examinations, evaluation of answer scripts and compilation of results is also part of teaching practice. 343 Aijaz Ahmed Gujjar, Bushra Naoreen Saifullah SAIFI Muhammad Jamil Bajwa habit of Supervisor in Teaching Practice Supervisors duty is not only to evaluate the lessons of teaching practice, only by using his/her all the abilities to make this experience (All the stages of teaching practice) result oriented.He/she should have got all the activities planned before hand. He/she should have meeting and conversion with teacher educators, experienced teachers of the institution, educationists, concerned school head teachers and other teachers. Introductory lectures should be arranged before the departure of student teachers to the practicing schools in order to aware the student teachers about the preparation of lesson plans and other assigned activities.During teaching practice it is the duty of supervisors to grapple their lessons, other assigned activities, guidance and counselling as well as provide the student teachers with apply back and to enable them so that they can criticize and reform themselves. During the teaching practice student teachers should not be criticized in front of the practicing school staff and students. If there is a need then all the student teachers should be gathered and should be scolded and warned without nominating and asking the name. Supervisors role is to prepare teachers for future, therefore he / she should act as a facilitator.Teaching Practi ce in Pakistan A variety of teacher training courses are world offered in Pakistan. In all the programmes teaching practice is compulsory division except M. Ed (Master of Education). In true spirit we can produce good teachers through this activity, but the procedure choose in Pakistan is just to pass / kill the time. Teaching practice duration is very short-circuit it is about 4 to 8 weeks or teaching of 60 to 75 lessons. During teaching practice student teachers are bound to the classrooms for teaching. They are not trained for the other activities performed in schools. at that placefore, effective learning could not take place. Student teachers are bound to use easy principles and methods of teaching. They are just being taught how to start the lesson, how to control the class, how to keep an eye over the students while writing on the black / white board. 344 International Online daybook of Educational Sciences, 2010, 2(2), 339-361 Teaching practice is doing nothing to serve the purpose and is working on adhoc basis. Those schools in which teaching practice is being conducted are not taking active part in preparing the teachers for future but only tolerating this activity.The administration and teachers of the participating schools are not aware of the required information for evaluation techniques, which are to be used during teaching practice. They are not fully aware of the importance of teaching practice for student teachers and future generations. It is fact that student teachers are not ideal teachers and delinquent to this fact practicing school teachers cannot give them full authority but at least they can trust them. Practically ii behaviours are seen here in Pakistan. Firstly these uninvited guests are considered inferior teachers and criticized without any justification.Secondly rough teachers transfer their all burden to them. In almost teacher training institutions selection of lessons is kept up to the choice of student teachers and t hey select such lessons which are very easy and in which minimum audio visual aids are used. Research Questions 1. 2. 3. What are the issues and problems of teaching practice in Pakistan? How do the potential teachers beguile the trends of teaching practice in Pakistan? How far does the Practice Teaching help the student teachers in anticipating the problems they mogul face in their professional lives?Research Methodology Population and Sampling The population of the champaign consisted of all the prospective teachers who are admitted to B. Ed programme in public sector institutions in quaternary provinces of Pakistan. 650 prospective teachers were considered as the sample of the study. These students were selected from 26 teacher training institutions, 25 students from each institute. 345 Aijaz Ahmed Gujjar, Bushra Naoreen Saifullah SAIFI Muhammad Jamil Bajwa Research weapon Development and Data Collection Since the study was descriptive in nature, therefore, survey approach was considered appropriate to collect the data.For the purpose, a twenty seven item questionnaire was developed out of which seven had the option of yes and No while the remaining 20 items had three options as level best, To some fulfilment and not at all. Administration of Research Tool The questionnaires were administered on prospective teachers personally and responses were received. Data Analysis The data self-possessed through questionnaire was terms of percentage and mean explanations. coded and analyzed through SPSS XII in Findings Data sedate through the questionnaire was analyzed in terms of percentage and mean chump.The findings drawn out from the data digest are given below. circumvent 1. I rack up with the importance attached to practice teaching. Yes act of Responses component part 87. 6% 12. 4% 569 No 81 650 meat preceding(prenominal) carry over reveals that 87. 6% prospective teachers responded that they agree with the importance of teaching practice an d 12. 4% responded in negative. 346 International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 2010, 2(2), 339-361 plug-in 2. on that point is clarity of concepts before the actual process of teaching. Yes twist of Responses circumstances 487 No 163 650 74. 97% 25. 03% extreme higher up duck reveals that 74. 7% prospective teachers reported that they have been given orientation before the start of teaching practice and 25. 03% reported in not. Table 3. The help extended by the Parent institution was quite an appropriate. Yes subdue of Responses region 63. 54% 25. 46% 413 No 237 650 Total above knock back shows 63. 54% respondents were in party favor that department /institute extended help provided the criteria for the evaluation of the teaching practice and 25. 47% are not in favour. Table 4. It helps when you replicate the assessment and evaluation procedure adopted by your teachers during the theoretical sessions.Yes Number of Responses office 65. 38% 34. 62% 425 No 225 650 Total 347 Aijaz Ahmed Gujjar, Bushra Naoreen Saifullah SAIFI Muhammad Jamil Bajwa Above table reveals that 69. 38% prospective teachers are in favour that they have been provided with the manual of rules and regulation regarding teaching practice and 34. 62% not reported in favour. Table 5. The school provided the necessary infrastructure and the attitude of the staff was encouraging. Yes Number of Responses Percentage 56% 44% 364 No 286 650 TotalAbove table reveals that 56% respondents have responded in favour that attitude of the staff was encouraging and 44% not responded in favour. Table 6. Peer co-operation develops critical view and polishes teaching skills. Yes Number of Responses Percentage 56. 46% 43. 54% 367 No 283 650 Total Above table shows that 56. 46% have reported that they have been provided with separate staff room in the practicing school during teaching practice and 43. 54% reported in negative. Table 7. The school staff often visits the classrooms and gives informative tips. Yes Number of Responses Percentage 54. 6% 45. 24% 348 No 294 Total 356 650 International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 2010, 2(2), 339-361 Above table reveals that 54. 76% respondents are affirmative that the staff of practicing school is cooperative and 45. 24% are not affirmative. Table 8. earmark information in orientation about teaching practice. supreme Number of Responses Percentage 36. 92% 20. 76% 42. 30% 240 To about finish 135 Not at All 275 650 1. 94 Total take to be Above table reveals that 36. 92%respondents responded for maximum, 20. 76% for to some design and 42. 30% for not at all and mean take in is 1. 4, which shows that appropriate information about teaching practice are mostly not given in orientation. Table 9. The school administration paid due consideration to my preferences while allocating the classes. upper limit Number of Responses Percentage 48% 10. 30% 41. 69% 312 To virtually intent 67 Not at All 271 650 2. 06 Total correspond Above table reveals that 48% prospective teachers opted for maximum, 10. 30% for to some intent and 41. 69% for not at all and mean score is 2. 06, which supports that choice of prospective teachers are mostly not considered for assigning the lesson. Table 10.From the attitude of the school administration, I got a fair experience of how to head a school. Maximum To about Extent Not at All Total Mean Number of Responses Percentage 30. 15% 11. 07% 58. 76% 349 196 72 382 650 1. 71 Aijaz Ahmed Gujjar, Bushra Naoreen Saifullah SAIFI Muhammad Jamil Bajwa Above table reveals that 30. 15% respondents are in favour of maximum, 11. 07% in favour of to some close and 58. 76% are in favour of not at all, the mean score is 1. 71 which supports that attitude of school administration do not provide a fair experience about the organization of school. Table11.There is a sufficient availability of Audio-Visual Aids. Maximum Number of Responses Percentage 11. 05% 21. 56% 67. 38% 72 To Some Extent 140 Not at All 438 650 1. 44 Total Mean Above table shows that 11. 05% respondents opted for maximum, 21. 56% for to some purpose and 67. 38% for not at all, the mean score is 1. 44. This shows that audio visual aids are not obtainable in the practicing school. Table 12. The Supervisors were quite frequent in their visits to the schools. Maximum Number of Responses Percentage 50. 92% 19. 69% 29. 38% 331 To Some Extent 128 Not at All 191 650 2. 21 Total MeanAbove table reveals that 60. 92% respondents opted for maximum, 19. 69% for to some extent and 29. 38 %for not at all, the mean score is2. 21 which shows that mostly each lesson plan is checked and re label are given by the supervisors. 350 International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 2010, 2(2), 339-361 Table13. The supervisors regularly assessed the lesson plans before the start of the classes. Maximum Number of Responses Percentage 37. 23% 39. 53% 23. 07% 242 To Some Extent 257 Not at All 150 650 2. 14 To tal Mean Above table reveals that 37. 23% respondents opted for maximum, 39. 3% for to some extent and 23. 07% for not at all, the mean score is 2. 14. This shows that to some extent supervisors regularly assessed the lesson plans before the start of the classes. Table14. The supervisors visited the classes regularly. Maximum Number of Responses Percentage 26. 50% 44. 61% 28. 92% 172 To Some Extent 290 Not at All 188 650 1. 98 Total Mean Above table reveals that 26. 50% respondents opted for maximum, 44. 61% for to some extent and 28. 92% for not at all, the mean score is 1. 98. This shows that supervisor did not visit the classes regularly. Table15.The supervisors often discuss the ongoing teaching practice with the school administration. Maximum Number of Responses Percentage 41. 69% 25. 84% 32. 46% 271 To Some Extent 168 Not at All 211 650 2. 09 Total Mean 351 Aijaz Ahmed Gujjar, Bushra Naoreen Saifullah SAIFI Muhammad Jamil Bajwa Above table reveals that 41. 69% respondents fav oured for maximum, 25. 84% to some extent and 32. 46% not at all. The mean score is 2. 09, which show that supervisors often discuss the ongoing teaching practice with the school administration. Table16. Teaching practice plan is strictly followed.Maximum Number of Responses Percentage 50% 25. 23% 24. 76% 325 To Some Extent 164 Not at All 161 650 2. 25 Total Mean Above table shows that 53. 06% respondents opted for maximum, 32. 65% to some extent and 14. 29 not at all. The mean score is 2. 39, which supports that mostly teaching practice scheduled is strictly followed. Table17. I got enough experience and knowledge of delivering the lessons and organizing the classes. Maximum Number of Responses Percentage 35. 53% 40 % 24. 46% 231 To Some Extent 260 Not at All 159 650 1. 80 Total Mean Above table shows that 38. 3% respondents are in favour of maximum, 40% to some extent and 24. 46% to not at all. The mean score is 1. 80, which proves that mostly student teachers got enough experien ce and knowledge of delivering the lessons and organizing the classes. 352 International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 2010, 2(2), 339-361 Table18. There were enough chances for development of sense as far as Teaching Skills are concerned Maximum To Some Extent Not at All Total Mean Number of Responses Percentage 64. 92% 22% 13. 07% 422 143 85 650 2. 58 Above table reveals that 64. 2% respondents opted for maximum, 22% for to some extent and 13. 07% for not at all. The mean score is 2. 58, which proves that mostly there were enough chances for development of awareness as far as teaching skills are concerned. Table19. Performance Assessment should take place during Teaching Practice. Maximum Number of Responses Percentage 35. 23% 22. 30% 42. 46% 229 To Some Extent 145 Not at All 276 650 1. 92 Total Mean The above table reveals that 35. 23% respondents are in favour of maximum, 22. 30% in favour of to some extent and 32. 46% in favour of not at all. The mean score is 1. 2, which shows that the evaluation process for teaching practice is not satisfactory. Table 20. There was a possibility of shifting the Methods from one to the other during the classes Maximum Number of Responses Percentage 22% 50% 28% 353 To Some Extent 325 Not at All 182 Total Mean 143 650 2. 05 Aijaz Ahmed Gujjar, Bushra Naoreen Saifullah SAIFI Muhammad Jamil Bajwa Above table shows that 22% respondents are in favour of maximum, 50% to some extent and 28% not at all. The mean score is 2. 05 this shows that all the teaching methods and techniques studied theoretically were applied practically to some extent. Table 21.There is a need to break the quality of teaching practice to meet the latest challenges. Maximum Number of Responses Percentage 62. 61% 18. 15% 19. 23% 407 To Some Extent 118 Not at All one hundred twenty-five 650 2. 43 Total Mean Above table shows that 62. 61% respondents opted for maximum, 18. 15% for to some extent and 19. 23% for not at all. The mean score is 2. 4 3, which shows that there is a dire need to remedy the quality of teaching practice to meet the latest challenges. Table 22. There was an opportunity after the teaching practice to discuss the problems with the teachers and give suggestions Maximum Number of Responses Percentage 19. 3% 18. 15% 62. 61% 125 To Some Extent 118 Not at All 407 650 1. 56 Total Mean Above table indicates that 19. 23% respondents are in favour of maximum, 18. 15% are in favour of to some extent and 62. 61% in favour of not at all. The mean score is 1. 56, this shows that there was not an opportunity after the teaching practice to discuss the problems with the teachers and give suggestions. 354 International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 2010, 2(2), 339-361 Table 23. devoted the choice, I shall change the techniques and methods I had employed during teaching practice.Maximum Number of Responses Percentage 46. 15% 19. 23% 34. 61% 300 To Some Extent 125 Not at All 225 650 2. 11 Total Mean Above tab le indicates that 46. 15% respondents are in favour of maximum, 19. 23% are in favour of to some extent and 34. 61% in favour of not at all. The mean score is 2. 11, which shows that mostly students used different methods and techniques during teaching practice. Table 24. More time should be devoted to preparing teachers before teaching practice starts. Maximum Number of Responses Percentage 64. 61% 30. 76% 4. 61% 420 To Some Extent 200 Not at All 30 650 2. 0 Total Mean Above table indicates that 64. 61% respondents are in favour of maximum, 30. 76% are in favour of to some extent and 4. 61% in favour of not at all. The mean score is 2. 60, which shows that students are strongly of the view that more time should be devoted to preparing teachers before teaching practice starts. 355 Aijaz Ahmed Gujjar, Bushra Naoreen Saifullah SAIFI Muhammad Jamil Bajwa Table 25. The student teachers should be allowed to sit in each others classes to observe strengths and weaknesses. Maximum Number o f Responses Percentage 65. 53% 24. 92% 9. 3% 426 To Some Extent 162 Not at All 62 650 2. 56 Total Mean Above table indicates that 65. 53% respondents are in favour of maximum, 24. 92% are in favour of to some extent and 9. 53% in favour of not at all. The mean score is 2. 56, which shows that students are strongly of the view that student teachers should be allowed to sit in each others classes to observe strengths and weaknesses. Table 26. I had the availability of all the instructional material that I needed. Maximum Number of Responses Percentage 30. 76% 11. 53% 57. 69% 200 To Some Extent 75 Not at All 375 650 1. 73 Total MeanAbove table indicates that 30. 76% respondents are in favour of maximum, 11. 53% are in favour of to some extent and 57. 69% in favour of not at all. The mean score is 1. 73, which shows that students did not have the availability of all the instructional material that they needed. Table 27. Overall, I am satisfied with the quality of teaching practice as co nducted in Pakistan. Maximum To Some Extent Not at All Total Mean Number of Responses Percentage 26. 92% 19. 23% 53. 84% 175 125 350 650 1. 73 356 International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 2010, 2(2), 339-361 Above table indicates that 26. 2% respondents are in favour of maximum, 19. 23% are in favour of to some extent and 53. 84% in favour of not at all. The mean score is 1. 73, which shows that students are not satisfied with the quality of teaching practice as conducted in Pakistan. Discussion Teaching practice is a compulsory component in teacher training programme, but some respondents were denied to have it, one possible reason might be that their institution did not send them for the purpose. Government of Pakistan (2003) states that quality education requires motivate and competent teachers at all levels.Teaching practice is a segment, which provides opportunity to prospective teachers apply theoretical knowledge practically in real situation. The importance of t eaching practice is not recognized practically in the teacher training institutions of Pakistan. Government of Pakistan (1998) accepted that the existing teacher education programme as considered is not being adequately responsive to the demands for quality in the school system. Objective, manual, orientation, rules and regulation of teaching practice are neither prepared nor supplied properly.These are prepared in few institutions but not supplied to all concerned person of the teaching practice. Rashid (1999) quoted that an objective is more specific and describes definite activities. Application of all methods and techniques are very meaty for quality training, developing confidence, competency and skills, which are helpful in transfer of learning and knowledge comprehensively. and in prevailing situation teaching practice is based on conventional style. There is no use of latest techniques the departments/ institutions are also not providing A V aids and other aid material.Th e role of supervisors in the teaching practice is very rare. The supervisors do not provide proper guidance. Supervisors are seen over loaded and sufficient facilities and inducements are also not being provided by the departments/institutions. Issani and Virk (2004) describe that due to lack of adequate training facilities for university teachers the present position of teacher with proper professional competencies and training is alarming low. 357 Aijaz Ahmed Gujjar, Bushra Naoreen Saifullah SAIFI Muhammad Jamil BajwaEvaluation and assessment criteria is also very formal like satisfactory, unsatisfactory, good, very good or marks % etc. during evaluation all the aspects of teaching skills are not being considered. The segment of teaching practice in teacher training institution is not considered seriously. Modern techniques are neither supplied nor applied. Rafaquat (2002) quoted that mostly the teacher training institution are following lecture methods. It is recommended to ad opt modern and better teaching training methodology like demonstration, discovery or participation methods to attain qualitative improvement.The duration of teacher training should be lengthened to develop favourable attitudes of prospective teachers towards teaching profession. It is need of the new trends of education to improve the quality of teaching practice. New inventions demand that teachers must be well trained, having latest knowledge and be able to apply the new approaches with latest technology. Quality of education and implementation of all policies and plans are depended upon the motivated and quality based teachers. Duration of teaching practice is short. It is not up to the international standard.Farooq (1990) who has pointed out short duration of teacher training programme as compared with the developed countries. Rafaquat (2002) who reported that the duration of teaching practice of teaching may be increased jibe to the programme of training. The quality of teach ing practice may be improved by providing adequate human physical resources and special consideration must be given to the practical components of teacher training programme for producing quality teachers. Conclusions Teaching practice is an activity, which can play an important role in preparing teachers for future challenges in a classroom.Its effectiveness for the nation is beyond any doubt. It is a milestone for professional adolescence. It is a fuel for an endless journey and a combination of personality, professional skills, knowledge and training. Now it is the duty/responsibility of teacher educators and teachers of practicing schools to make this fuel endless. Brief conclusions on the basis of the findings are as follows. Most of the respondents agreed that manual of rules and regulations of teaching practice were not provided to the 358 International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 2010, 2(2), 339-361 rospective teachers before going to practicing schools. The supe rvisors neither indicated shortcomings in the lesson plan nor did they assess practically each lesson of the prospective teachers on daily basis. Objectives of teaching practice were not prepared properly and supplied to all the concerned in writing. Before commencing the teaching practice, orientation was not given to prospective teachers and the concerned staff, where they could be able to tract the ambiguities regarding procedure, manual and evaluation process.Time table/schedule of the teaching practice was strictly followed by the departments/institutions but evaluation and supervision criteria were not up to the mark. The interest and choices of the prospective teachers were not considered while assigning the breaker point and timetable during the teaching practice. Feedback from the participating school, administration, supervisors and prospective teachers was not taken so the practice could not play an effective role to develop confidence, vision and competency in the pros pective teachers.Recommendations Rules and regulations of teaching practice should be delimit by the institutions before the student teachers go for teaching practice. It will not only help the student teachers but also the supervisors to achieve the predefined targets. Specific teachers should be appointed by the concerning departments to observe teaching of student teachers so that they may stay whole day in school to check the activities of the students and comment honestly. Orientations should be given to the student teachers before teaching practice so prepare them mentally for the challenges coming in their way during teaching practice.Teaching practice should be given proper weight age. Students should be communicate before hand the process of evaluation of teaching practice so that the teacher students may exertion their best to improve their performance consciously. It seems that student teachers are not satisfied with their time table and periods during their teaching p ractice. Institutions should properly contact schools before starting teaching practice and set their time table according to students choice other wise students should be prepared accordingly.It would be a good practice if institutions develop permanent sort of links with some specific schools to adjust their students instead of selecting schools haphazardly to improve this 359 Aijaz Ahmed Gujjar, Bushra Naoreen Saifullah SAIFI Muhammad Jamil Bajwa practice and to make it more effective. School administration can be cooperative if it finds some kind of incentive in it for their school otherwise it might think that student teachers are there only to tump over the school.Feedback from student teachers regarding the problems faced by them in schools should be considered important to improve the practice for next time. Institutions should exertion to fill the gap between theory and practice because some times the situation in schools is different to that taught to the students in th eory so to save the student teachers from any sort of bewilderment. References Akbar, R. A. (2002). A study of Teaching practice of Prospective Secondary School Teachers and Development of a Teaching practice Model, desiccated rural University, Rawalpindi (Unpublished PhD Thesis).Ali Murtaza, (2005). Comparative Study of Practice Teaching in Formal and Non formal Systems and Development of a Model, Arid Agricultural University, Rawalpindi (Unpublished PhD Thesis). Brwn, P. D. Brown N. R. (1990). Effective Teaching Practice. Stanley Thornes, England Cohen, A. Carver, N. (1970). A Students pop off to Teaching Practice. University of London Press, London. Cohen, L. Manion, L. (1983). A Guide to Teaching Practice. Methuen, London. Government of Pakistan (1998). National Education Policy 1998-2010, Ministry of Education, Islamabad. Government of Pakistan (2003). Islamabad.Furlong, V. J. P. U. Hirst and K. Pocklington. (1988). Initial Teacher Training and The Role of the School. Ope n University Press, Philadelphia. Education for all 2001-2015, Ministry of Education, 360 International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 2010, 2(2), 339-361 Govt. of Pakistan. (1997). Pakistan Vision 2010. Report Seminar on Education. readying and Development Division, Islamabad. Issani, C, U. A. G M, L, Virk (2004). Higher Education in Pakistan A Historical and Futuristic Perspective, National hold Foundation, Islamabad. Malik, S. R. (1992). The System of education in Pakistan.National Book Foundation, Lahore. Muhammad Ashraf (1990). Dictionary of Primary Education. A. P. H. Publishing Corporation, New Delhi. R, A, Farooq (1994). Education System in Pakistan Issues and Problems, Asia Society for Promotion of Innovation and Reforms in Education, Islamabad. Rashid, M (1999). Teaching Strategies, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad. Shah, R. A. (1995). Education and Teacher education in Pakistan. Pakistan study Centre, University of Sindh, Jamshoro. Taneja, R. P. (2000). Encyclopaedia of Comparative Education, Vol. 4. Anmol Publications Pvt. Ltd. , New Delhi. 361

Hulu Alliances Essay Example for Free

Hulu Alliances Essay1.Describe the alliance partners. Characterize the market typeface as slow, steadfast, or standard cycle. The market type is a fast cycle market characterized by firms participating in number of networks for the purpose of production and distribution. Competitive advantages arent sustainable in fast cycle markets. Firms competing in fast cycle markets recognize the importance of speed, to get the product or inspection and repair out there first.2. Characterize the type of strategic alliance Hulu has become. Hulu has become a dynamic alliance. The identical type as most firms in the information technology manufacture. Another example is the movie industry, an industry in which firms participate in a number of networks for the purpose of producing and distributing movies. In dynamic alliance networks, partners typically explore new ideas and possibilities with the potential to lead to product innovations, and entries to new markets.3. In what type of marke t is Hulu competing? Hulu is competing in the streaming media market. It has a tough competitor which is Netflix. Unfortunately for Hulu, Netflix has been around a lot longer and has had draw of time to build its partner base. The other problem for Hulu is its parent companies do not take Hulu seriously. rather of giving programming to Hulu the networks lease the programs to Hulus competitor Netflix.4. Why did this alliance form? List few competitive pressures that made this alliance a necessity for its partners.5. What does the future hold for this alliance?

Recreation and Sports Essay Example for Free

Recreation and Sports EssayFun-Spot Fun place began as a small amusement park in 1985. Starting with nothing more than a merry-go-round, a slide, pony rides, and an ice cream stand, Fun-Spot has grown into a popular family attraction with 20 rides, a restaurant, and an outdoor performing arts theater.My wife, Lisa, and I didnt know what we were getting into, commented creature Smith, the owner. We just knew that weekenders coming to the lakes in our village represented a potential un-served market.Today, thousands of visitants come to Fun-Spot families, children of all ages, and even senior citizens who enjoy manner of walking through the gardens and arbor. Theres something here for everyone, pricking said with a smile. Dozens of companies hold annual company picnics here. We cod welcomed class field trips. And we even had one wedding here at the parkHeres the funny thing, Peter chimed in. We really dont know why weve been so successful There is nothing else like Fun-Spot Fu n cat valium in the area. We were just lucky.I think its the ambience of the park that has brought so many visitors, Lisa added. We provide a total package of entertainment. Plus, we try to change our rides and various attractions from time to time.Peter and Lisa admitted that making every visitor happy is a priority. That has endlessly been our philosophy, they said. Like it says on the entrance to the park, Were here to make you happy And weve always been able to deliver on that because weve never allowed ourselves to grow too big too quickly.Essay Questions1.How should Peter design a strategic purpose for Fun-Spot ?2.Explain how Peter can use the Product-Market Expansion Grid to plan for the expansion/future growth of Fun Spot?

Health Care Hall of Fame Museum Proposal Essay Example for Free

Health Care Hall of Fame Museum Proposal EssayHealthcare has existed for centuries. As a hostelry we incur g oneness from primitive treatments like casting spells to revolutionary disease breakthroughs. The unify States has held steadfast in the evolution of wellnesscare delivery causing the delivery of healthcare to emergence by magnitude proportions. The 1900s was a time that changes in healthcare and the delivery of it began to emerge in the United States. Scientists started taking an increase interest in diseases. Cardiology developments have helped with the treatment of heart disease, monitoring and prevention. Heart Disease is the number one leading cause of death in America. (American Heart Association, www.heart.org). Heart disease goes as far cover as Egyptian Pharaohs, British monarchs and American Presidents. Unhealthy behaviors causing an increase in the risk factors amongst Americans have greatly affected the health of our society as a whole. Americans lead with sedentary lifestyles and the supersize mentality. aboriginal interventions to reduce the risk factors that cause heart disease are essential. Mental trialness has been frowned upon since ancient history. The United States was no different. Some state feel that mental illness is not a physical bother and is just a behavioral or spiritual problem that can be control conduct. The mentally ill have been maltreated and put through deplorable, inhumane conditions. Introduction of antipsychotic medication in the 1950s helped in the recovery and helped those who were mentally ill live in the community. Mental health became a anteriority and care in institutions and hospitals started to improve. The Mental Health Act 1986 (the Act) provides a legislative framework for the care, treatment and breastplate of people with mental illness for psychiatrists to implement. (Treatment plans under the Mental Health Act).The National work of Mental health has a mission to transform the understand ing and treatment of mental illnesses. Better healthcare choices can be made with the use of biotechnology. Biotechnology is not a new science. It goes as far back as 500 B.C. It is beneficial with the development of medication, research on drugs, stem cell research, gene testing and therapy. current biotechnology provides breakthrough products and technologies to combat debilitating and rare diseases, reduce our environmental footprint, feed the hungry, use slight and cleaner energy, and have safer, cleaner and more efficient industrial manufacturing processes. (What is Biotechnology? http//www.bio.org/articles/what-biotechnology). Biotechnology has made major strides in healthcare like the eradication of small pox or gene therapy to help people battle auto immune diseases. general Health is concerned with disease prevention and wellness advance for the community as a whole. Epidemics, pandemic and outbreaks make public health an essential part of healthcare. Public health dat es back to Biblical times. An example of this is the isolation of a contagious disease like leprosy. Lillian Wald the mother of Public Health Nursing led the crusade of helping provide checkup care to the low in the United States.The increase awareness of health and the healthcare coverage that would be needed led the United States to develop HMOs. HMOs provide medical treatment for patients on a prepaid basis. HMO members give way a fixed monthly fee, more often than not through an employer regardless of how much medical care is needed in a given month. A wide variety of medical serve are provided after the fee is paid, from office visits to hospitalization and surgery. There are benefits to having an HMO. Preventive and well-care services, such as routine physicals and pediatric care, are provided at no additional cost. Co-payments apply to doctors office visits, prescriptions, hospital admissions, compulsion room visits and some other services. You generally do not need to s ubmit claim forms, but in cases when emergency care takes place outside of your coverage area. Research on diseases, health maintenance, and wellness continues to progress. Public Health continues to be an advocate for health and safety in the community. The United States continues to evolve in healthcare delivery.ReferencesAmerican Heart Association, Disease Information. (2000). Retrieved from http//my.americanheart.org/professional/Research/Disease-Information_UCM_459537_Article.jsp Future of Biotechnology in Healthcare, Chapter Nine. (2011, August). Retrieved from http//www.amgenscholars.com/images/uploads/contentImages/biotechnology-future.pdf Institute of Mental Health. About NIMH. (October 6, 2014). Retrieved from http//www.nimh.nih.gov/about/index.shtml Public health history time line. (2014, September 6). Retrieved from http//www.sphtc.org/resources.html

Pharmacoeconomics Notes Essay Example for Free

Pharmacoeconomics Notes EssayThe Confessions is a work by Augustine that outlines his uglinessful youth and conversion to Christianity. Augustine wrote it between 397 and 401 while serving as the bishop of hippo Regius. In his phonograph record, Augustine gives an account of his own life from birth up to that point. He then wrote about new(prenominal) matters such as the creation of the world, memory and time. A big segment of the book is spent on Augustines confession of sins that he had struggled with and how he had pled to God for deliverance from those sins. Augustine writes about his disappointment in living an immoral lifestyle. He regrets having believed in astrology and followed the Manichaean religion. He also writes about how Nebridius helped bow him that astrology was evil and how St. Ambrose helped in his conversion to Christianity. The Confessions is finally an address by Augustine to God in which he confesses his sins, faith, and praise. Augustine says that h e wrote the Confessions for a slew curious to know the lives of others, but careless to amend their own.Augustine was aware that people loved to gossip and look deeply into the lives of others to see how they could talk down a person and in the end make themselves feel better. Augustine knew that his composing was going to be scrutinized but made it his purpose to tell the verity and demonstrate the providence of God in the life of a sinner. He didnt want any sensation to pretend any better of himself than he actually was. Another purpose in writing Confessions was to create an adjacent bond between his new Christian community. His colleagues were distrustful of his pagan influenced education as well as his standing as an ex-Manichee. He wanted to let them know that he was trustworthy and he did that by putting on display the worst and best of his life.In essence, Augustines life became an open book for everyone to read and get to know personally. Augustine could have also wri tten Confessions as an attempt to understand himself. He might have considered his enjoyment of sex and the pleasures of this world to be an unbearable weakness and he ask to confess in writing that God alone was his unfeigned love. It is obvious that Augustine is broken over his sin and it is probably something that consumed his mind. Getting this horrific past behind him was of the utmost importance and he did it through writing Confessions to God. The writing style with which Augustine writes the Confessions isamongst other things openly bold, encouraging, and without remorse.This is definitely different from modern writers who try and disguise their true inner feelings while still trying to write with meaningful style. Augustine is not trying to hold underpin any part of his life that he might be ashamed of. It is quite the contrary as he confidently praises the Lord and declares Gods greatness. Augustine recognizes his place as a speck of distribute that vies for a place in the presence of almighty God who created the universe. He is not ashamed to blab out highly of his Lord and continuously gives you a feeling that he is not satisfied until he finds his rest in God. He is encouraging throughout his book as he conveys Gods faithfulness to him even when he was deep into sin.No matter what portion of the book one reads, he or she can always take comfort in the fact that no matter how far one runs from God, He is always right there waiting for us with arms wide open. In conclusion, Augustine is so focused on God, that he has no regret in sharing his mishaps and declaring Gods forgiveness. He knows that he ran far from God but that God was right there the entire time. He feels extremely foolish but at the same time so grateful for Gods complete(a) grace. Augustine asserts with passion that he wants to be filled by God and as a result he can truly live.

In Defense of the Weak Essay Example for Free

In Defense of the Weak EssayHave you off anyone? How about you? We be all afraid of murder for this does non only voraciously end a spirit it also leads the murder to a gruesome punishment legally and religiously. All religions uphold the sanctity of life and abhor the unjust ending of it. It is the belief of many that if one does non shun from abuse acts, such as killing, he will burn in hell. We all hold these views but why is it that many of us are remedy pushing for abortion? Why is it that many pregnant women still view abortion as the ultimate solution to their problem?Is killing you electric shaver really a solution or a gruesome sin that you will have to live with for the rest of your life? For those who rally in favor of abortion, they contend that a child in the womb of a mystify is not yet considered human thus killing that child is still legal. Another contention of pro-choice people is the argument that the woman should have a choice with what happens with her body. Bearing a child is not an easy situation much more, carrying the child in the womb for nine months. This is a torment for the overprotect especially if the child is a product of sexual abuse or rape.The same argument goes lawful for teenagers who get pregnant at such a tender age. It is an ordeal for these women to give birth to a child which they did not plan of having. Pro-abortion advocates argue that giving birth to an unwanted child will not only destroy one life but two lives, that of the mother and the child. It is better to abort a child than to give birth to him and yet no adequate love, care and daily sustenance drop be provided to him (Lowen). While these advocates may have a point, this is not sufficient to murder someone. Abortion is not just a normal medical procedure but a form of murder.Through abortion a frail child is put to death tied(p) before he is stipulation the bump to see the world and fight for his rights. Similar to murder, there is treach ery. The child is being deprived of his life without evening knowing it and without having the jeopardize to fight for the life that he has. True enough a woman has a right to make a decision for what happens with his body but this is only applies if she is the only one concerned. This does not apply if her childs life is at stake. Once a woman becomes pregnant, there are already two lives involved because medically speaking the embryo is genetically distinct from the mother.Life is sacrosanct and a gift given by God. No one has the right to end it, not even the parents of the child (Anderson). It is quite difficult to fathom why mothers would want to kill their own children but terror of murdering a man walking down the street. They see that ending the life of an individual who is capable of argue himself is more inhumane than abortion. I do not intend to foster the murdering of a man on the street in place of abortion. What I intend to emphasize is the fact that through abort ion a mother kills her own flesh a blood without even giving that child a chance to defend himself.With regard to unwanted pregnancies, its must be remembered that it is not the choice of the child to be conceived. He was a product of the union of a man and a woman. Whether or not there is love, the child should not suffer the effects of such union. He is innocent of what happened thus, mothers should be as objective as possible in dealing with their children for after all, they are their own flesh and blood. Let us displace pushing for abortion and start caring for the lives of innocent children. They have not done anything wrong to be murdered.I believe it is about time that the crusade in favor of abortion end. Let us not foster the killing of children, instead let us help them fight for their rights and be given the chance to live the life they were given. References Lowen, L. Ten Arguments For Abortion and Against Abortion. About. Retrieved 5 May 2009 from, http//womensissues. about. com/od/reproductiverights/a/AbortionArgumen. htm Anderson, K. (1997). Arguments Against Abortion. leaders U. Retrieved 5 May 2009 from, http//www. leaderu. com/orgs/probe/docs/arg-abor. html

Television shows Essay Example for Free

Television channelizes judgeFor the present union, video recording portrays are almost considered as a part of the lifestyle and culture of the juvenile people. Almost every individual in the society have their own favorite television programme which they denounce which varies basically due to the factor of preference, time availability, morality and early(a)s. Each television program in the modern broadcast industry as their own theme and cultural nature that the show creatively explores to entice the interest and enthusiasm of the public.For the broadcast networks, having a rated television program which the general public patronize is a good investment as this privy promote their main line of revenue to wit paid advertisement. By critically analyzing the television program in the present broadcast industry, one can actually see that majority of these programs tackle current social issues and trends however, these are presented in a distinct view.Usually, televisio n programs offer a symbolical perspective on the subject qualification it more fire and captivating to the audience as its offers a somewhat imaginative scenario where the public can relate with. A good example of this program nature is the primetime hit television show entitled Lost. The television program entitled Lost was actually written and designed to produce an imaginative scenario of surviving a plane crash and organism stranded on a mysterious island that has an unknown location.While in isolation, the survivors must struggle against the environment for their survival, against themselves for individualised development and against the mysterious inhabitants as their search for a way of life to communicate with the world. By critical observation, one can learn that the main objective of the show is to show a different view towards dominant social issues such as unity, cooperation, system of leadership and opposites through with(predicate) the eyes of the small communit y of the survivors.In this show, the large global community with cultural diversity and separate issues has been minimized through the contingent of the survivors as they establish a mutual relationship between each(prenominal) of them and their temporary home. In this show, there are some(prenominal) examples of reality warp or presentation of mystery. For example, the presence of a polar bear in a tropical island, uncharted location of the island, and the presence of research lab hatches in an isolated place produce certain mysterious characteristic to the program.As the story develops, other mysteries are also explored such as the reason for the plane crash and the nature of the island and its native inhabitants. overmuch of the story is presented through the use of symbols. General concepts and ideas in the show are mainly represented through certain materials and incidents that are explicitly used in the programs story. Foe example, the item of guns and other armaments r epresent power in the issues of struggle between the plane crash survivors and the inhabitants of the mysterious island.Another is the item of wireless intercom or walkie talkie presents the idea of difference between the two struggling factions making the inhabitants more sophisticated and better organized than the survivors as they have a mean for communication. All end-to-end the programs story, each episode is centralized on a certain character wherein several flashbacks in his or her life will be presented to explain his or her present ideology or philosophy while in the island. Through this approach, viewers will better understand the story characters and their personal reason as to why he or she did his or her decision.Regarding the program advertisements, by analyzing the selection of products and/or services that are commercialize during the programs timeslot, once can actually argue that the show is intended for general viewing mainly on the adult bracket making them the main merchandise target for this programs advertisement. Some specific commercials are cars, dress or fashion accessories, childrens apparel, technological gadgets and household products which are generally products for economically-capable adults. In general, the television program entitled Lost is a show that offers an alternative scenario in a creatively enhanced reality.Surviving plane crash and being stranded on a mysterious island is indeed a captivating storyline for the adult society who are basically looking for some thrills and adventures in the routinary life. Through this program, viewers are offered an interesting make out to witness how to survive in an island, establish harmonious and cooperative relationship in a theme and struggle against forces that are more advance and familiar with the environment while struggling to be reclaimed and competing against oneself for personal development.

Italian Aggression in Abyssinia Essay Example for Free

Italian Aggression in Abyssinia EssayBackground Benito Mussolini was the dictator of Italy. He precious to increase Italian influence in Abyssinia (todays Ethiopia). Long before Mussolini came to power, Italy had tried to take over Abyssinia in 1896 and had suffered an embarrassing defeat. Mussolini cherished revenge for this defeat. He also wanted the natural resources of Abyssinia. Mussolini dreamed of building a big empire for Italy that would be standardized the ancient Roman Empire.The attack In 1934, Mussolini made plans to invade Abyssinia. The Emperor of Abyssinia, Haile Selassie, asked the fusion of Nations for help. Between January and October 1935, Mussolini held talks with the League about avoiding a struggle in Abyssinia. However, he continued to prepare his army for an onset of Abyssinia.In October 1935, Mussolini began a full-scale invasion of Abyssinia. The Italian Army had an advantage because it was more modern than the Abyssinian Army. The Italians had g uns and planes, term the Abyssinians had spears and bows.What the League did The League held a meeting to discuss the crisis in Abyssinia. The Leagues members had a presbyopic debate before deciding that they would stop selling their goods to Italy. However these goods only included rubber and metal. The League took a longer time to decide if it should ban the export of oil to Italy.The League had a nonher(prenominal) way of life of stopping the struggle. The fastest way for Italy to send Italian troops and supplies to Abyssinia was by ship and these ships had to pass by the Suez Canal to get to there. The Suez Canal was under British control, so the British could acquire blocked the Italian ships that were on their way to Abyssinia. However, they did not do this as they thought it would lead to war with Italy.British hostile Minister Samuel Hoare and French Foreign Minister Pierre Laval held secret talks with Mussolini. They wanted to avoid a war, so they were exiting to gi ve Mussolini two-thirds of Abyssinia if he withdrew his troops. Britain and France called it the Hoare-Laval Plan.News of these talks was leaked by the French press. People in Britain and France were angry that their govern ments had not stopped the Italian invasion. They forced their governments to drop their plan to give Italy control of Abyssinia. The chip in Abyssinia continued, so Mussolini turned to Hitler for help. Italy completed its takeover of Abyssinia in May 1936. occasions for adopting policy of appeasement antecedent 1 * How can anyone forget World warfare 1? If we do not make quiet with Hitler today, then there will be another war in Europe and millions of young men will die. We are willing to give Hitler what he wants as long as it prevents another war in Europe.Reason 2* The British economy was badly damaged by World War 1 and the Great Depression. The government needs to rebuild the economy. The economy would be destroyed by another war.Reason 3 * Germany has mod ernised its military and is ready to fight a war. Britain and France are not ready. appeasement will give us more time to modernise our armies.Reason 4 * We are having problems in many parts of our big empire. The colonies, like India and Palestine, want independence. We do not have the troops to occur order in our colonies and fight a war in Europe at the same time.Reason 5* Britain and France cannot win a war against Germany. We can only win if the USA supports us. However, the USA is presently following a policy of isolation. It wont get involved with other nations.Reason 6* Most Britons feel that Communism is a far greater threat than Nazism. A strong Germany will prevent Communism from spreading to Central and Western Europe. Reason 7 * Many Britons believe that the treaty of Versailles was unfair to Germany. Hitler is merely making this treaty less unfair. Once these problems are solved, Germany will become a peaceful nation again.The Munich proportionateness Chamberlain w ent to Germany three times in September 1938 to ask Hitler not to issue a war in Europe.At the first meeting on 15 September, Hitler said that he only wanted those parts of the Sudetencommonwealth where there were many Germans and only if they voted to join Germany. Chamberlain felt that Hitlers betoken was reasonable. On 19 September, the British and the French informed the Czechs of the outcome of the meeting and that it was agreed to let Hitler have certain parts of the Sudetenland. At the second meeting on 22 September, Hitler said that he wanted all of the Sudetenland. He said the Czech government was ill-treating the Germans living there. It looked as if Hitler was ready to go to war at any moment. The British Army was mobilized but Chamberlain was still determined to avoid war. He wanted a third meeting.The third meeting, arranged by Mussolini, was held in Munich, Germany on 29 September. Representatives from Britain, France, Italy and Germany attended the meeting, which wa s called the Munich Conference. Czechoslovakia and the USSR were not invited.Britain and France said that they would not stop Germany from taking the Sudetenland. In exchange, Germany promised Britain and France that it would not take any more land in Europe. Chamberlain returned to Britain a very happy man. He had prevented war from breaking out. He said that the Munich Agreement had brought about peace for our time.The Course of WW2 in Europe, 1939 1945From 1939 to 1941, Hitler and his allies won many battles. They conquered most of Europe, except Britain. In 1941, Hitler turned East and invaded the USSR. The harsh winter and strong Russian defence forced the Germans to retreat by December 1942. By early 1944, the Soviet Army began to regain most of the land that it had lost. It also emancipate the East European countries and the Balkans from the control of German troops. By 1945, it began to move towards Berlin.In the Battle of El Alamein, the assort powers won and drove the c ombined forces of the Germans and Italians out of North Africa. They soon moved into Italy through the island of Sicily on 10 July 1943, with the Italian capital of Rome falling to the Allies on 4 June 1944.On 6 June 1944, a multinational force of British, American, Canadian and other Allied soldiers landed on the beaches of Normandy in Northern France. These amphibious landings became known as the D-Day landings. In August the same year, Paris was freed from Nazi rule. Soviet troops were move on rapidly into the German capital of Berlin from the East, while the combined British and American forces moved in from the West. On 30 April 1945, Adolf Hitler committed suicide so that he would not be captured by British, American or Russian troops. On 7 May 1945, Germanys armies surrendered. The war in Europe was over.